[Middle ear surgical results in hearing improvement with tympanosclerosis]

Background: Tympanosclerosis is one of complications of chronic otitis media with accumulation of hyaline and calcified deposits intra tympanic membrane and middle ear's membrane. In most cases these plaques are of minimal clinical significance and result in trivial hearing dysfunction

Methods: 60 patients diagnosed with chronic otitis media and tympanosclerosis who were candidates for operation and met inclusion criteria were evaluated. Audiometric evaluations were assessed before and after surgery. Intra operative findings and Post operative clinical results were also evaluated after surgery

Results: 25[43.1%] patients were male and 33[56.9%] were female. Hearing dysfunction was monolateral in 62.1% and bilateral in 37.9%. The most common location of ossicular chain fixation is between incus and malleus reported in 24[41.3%] patients

Conclusion: Middle ear surgery result is astonishing although other factors such as severity of sclerosis and fixation localization may also be influential in surgical results

Investigation of heat stress and heat strain in outdoor workers: a case study in Iran

Heat stress is an important and serious threat at work and is a particular concern in outdoor occupational environments. This study aims at comparing heat stress and heat strain at different outdoor groups, examining the protective and adaptive actions which were done by workers and also provi services to them by government or employer to reduce heat load. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the hottest days of the summer 2015 in Shabestar, Iran and 53 healthy men in nine occupational groups including concrete makers, porters, construction, waste site and road making workers, stonemasons, farmers, traffic officers, and street vendors participated. A set of physiological parameters, like heart rate, blood pressure, skin temperature and etc., WBGT index details and some of the adaptive and protective parameters were measured and monitored simultaneously at different times of the day. The study finds that heat exposure in outdoor workplace is prevalent and WBGT TWA/TLVave is less than 1 in some groups like stonemasons, waste site workers, traffic officers and street vendors whereas in other studied occupations, it is more than 1.This matter is compounded by the fact that the provision of health services by employers or local government was limited, and almost all of the participants had poor or insufficient access levels to public health and welfare services. This study confirms the necessity of interventions by a range of factors, such as government plans, improvement of services in the prevention of heat stress, and planning training courses for outdoor workers to build their knowledge of heat stress

[Evaluation of justice distribution in social security organization facilities and it's insured needs]

Social security organization offers indirect and direct models of health services to the society. Because direct services are free, there is a high volume of demand by society for that. On the other hand, health centres and societies ore interested in indirect ones. This study is done for evaluation of both direct and indirect health facilition around the country and the balance between people needs and facility listrulations. This is an analytical and retrospective study. Information gatheting was by a data shat form, and then data were analyed by spss software. Correlation was evalated by pearson regression test. Centers and doctors accessibitity ware 14.7 centers for every 10000 and 10.2 doctor for 10000 persons, respectively. Of 10.2 for 10000 doctor to person ratio, 4.8 were for general physicians, 4.4 for specialists and 1 for dentist. In regand to contract with health care centres and also constructig and creating new social security organiation related hospitals, the most inportant issue is paying atteation to justice in country based distribution, first priority must be given to physio therapy, radiology, and dentistry offices, second priority is signing contrect with clinical labratoies pharmacies, and general physicion offices

[Study of factor V Leiden polymorphism as a genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the Iranian population]

Two hundred and eight asymptomatic individuals from different origins of Iran were included in this study in order to assess the distribution of the Factor V Leiden polymorphism responding for cardiovascular disease [CVD] in the general Iranian population using a novel technique reverse hybridization Strip Assay for the rapid and simultaneous detection. The test is based on multiplex PCR and hybridization to a teststrip presenting a parallel array of allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. The prevalences of mutant Factor V Leiden [1.2%] in our cohort was below previously published figures on the population of Tehran [2.7%]. Here we describe the distribution of mutant allele FV Leiden in different ethnicities of Iranian population and compare the results to previously reported data. Our data represent the most comprehensive study to date with respect to thrombophilic gene polymorphism in Iran

[Study of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism as a genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the Iranian population]

Two hundred and eight asymptomatic individuals from different origins of Iran were included in this study in order to assess the distribution of the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism responding for cardiovascular disease [CVD] in the general Iranian population using a novel technique reverse hybridization Strip Assay for the rapid and simultaneous detection. The test is based on multiplex PCR and hybridization to a teststrip presenting a parallel array of allele-specific oligonucleotide probes for each mutation. The prevalence of mutant MTHFR A1298C in our study population [0.42], was remarkably high. Mutant MTHFR A1298C in Iran occurred less frequently than among Europeans, but exceeded the much lower frequencies known from India and most of Asia. Here we describe the distribution of mutant allele MTHFR A1298C in different ethnicities of Iranian population and compare the results to previously reported data. Our data represent the only comprehensive study to date with respect to thrombophilic gene polymorphism in Iran

[Study of Prothrombin G20210A polymorphism as a genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the Iranian population]

Two hundred and eight asymptomatic individuals from different origins of Iran were included in this study in order to assess the distribution of the Prothrombin G20210A polymorphism responding for cardiovascular disease [CVD] in the general Iranian population using a novel technique reverse hybridization Strip Assay for the rapid and simultaneous detection. The test is based on multiplex PCR and hybridization to a teststrip presenting a parallel array of allele-specific oligonucleotide probes for each mutation. The allele frequencies of mutant Prothrombin G20210A [0.005] in our cohort were below previously published figures on the population of Tehran [1.5]. Here we describe the distribution of mutant allele Prothrombin G20210A in different ethnicities of Iranian population and compare the results to previously reported data. Our data represent the most comprehensive study to date with respect to thrombophilic gene polymorphism in Iran

Molecular genetics of fetal organogenesis in the Quran: Tracking a modern concept in an original religious text

Over the recent decades, science especially in the fields of medicine and molecular genetics has been developed with incredible extension and provide us the huge bulk of new concepts in biological phenomena and all these findings result in discovering the mysteries of life more deeply. A distinct and valuable aspect of these investigations would be tracking of these newly discovered themes in original religious records. The Qur'an as an original religious text had pointed so many times to the creation of human beings and its complex process by specification. These considerations and discussions have many things in common with newly found scientific facts. This paper is a brief study between these two apparently different discussions which shows the high similarities between the facts about organogenesis stages in scientific texts with its counterpart descriptions in the Quran

[Association study between spinocerebellar Ataxia [SCA] disease and mitochondrial damages as a source of ATP producer in these patients]

The spinocerebellar ataxias [SCA] comprise a heterogeneous group of severe late-onset neurodegenerative diseases promoted by the expansion of a tandem-arrayed DNA sequence that modify the primary structure of the protein. SCA is a genetic disease with multiple types, each of which could be considered a disease in its own right, and cannot be differentiated rapidly from each other on a clinical basis. As with other forms of ataxia, SCA results in unsteady and clumsy motion of the body due to a failure of the fine coordination of muscle movements, along with other symptoms. A variety of deadly diseases are attributable to a large number of accumulated mutations in mitochondria. Percentage levels of mutant mtDNA in blood have been reported in some patients with neurological disease, usually in association with much higher levels of mutant mtDNA in skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA] defects may present with cerebellar ataxia. MtDNA rearrangements are usually sporadic and may cause ataxia. MtDNA point mutations may be responsible for the ataxia seen in some SCA mutation negative families. Point mutations such as those affecting tRNALeuUUR are particularly common in human mitochondrial diseases. Genomic DNA of 20 patients with clinical symptoms of SCAs was purified from peripheral blood and screened for deletions in mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA]. Genetic analysis Segments of the genes SCA1, SCA2, MJD [SCA3], CACNA1A [SCA6], and SCA7 harboring the CAG-repeat region were amplified in five separate reactions for molecular diagnosis for each patient. Also the sequencing of tRNA[Leu[UUR]], tRNA[Lys], ATPase 6, ATPase8,COII, COIII, ND1, 16srRNA of mtDNA was performed in patients with genetically affected SCA to find out if they harbor any mutation in these regions or not

study of dysmenorrhea in high school girls

To study dysmenorrhoea in the high school girls in Masjed Solayman Khzestan Province in Iran. Six hundred sixty high school students living in Masjed Soleiman in Khuzestan province in Iran participated in this study. All the participants were invited by letter to take part in the study. Correlation coefficient measures and Pitman's permutation test applicable to both discrete and continuous distributions were calculated to estimate the correlation between the prevalence and severity of dysmenorrhoea and relevant biological and social variables [P < 0.005]. The results indicate that 85 respondents [14.4% participants] suffered from dysmenorrhoea which disturbed their daily activities and was unimproved by the use of analgesics. The results of the study also indicate that there was a significant correlation between dysmenorrhoea and certain biological factors, between menarche age and the severity of dysmenorrhoea and the duration of menstrual flow. Furthermore, early menarche was related to an increase in the severity of dysmenorrhoea. Improved understanding of the pathophysiology of dysmenorrhoea may result in the discovery of more effective treatment regimens